The main raw materials and synthesis-related components of anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) are as follows:

1. Main monomer raw materials

Acrylamide (AM): As a basic monomer, it forms a polyacrylamide skeleton through polymerization reaction. Acrylamide is usually prepared by catalytic hydrolysis of acrylonitrile.

Acrylic acid (AA) or sodium acrylate: used to introduce anionic groups (such as carboxylic acid groups) through copolymerization or hydrolysis reaction. For example, in the copolymerization method, acrylamide is directly mixed with acrylic acid/sodium for reaction, while in the hydrolysis method, carboxyl groups are generated by reacting polyacrylamide with alkali (such as NaOH).

2. Auxiliary raw materials

• Initiator: An oxidation-reduction system such as potassium persulfate is used to start free radical polymerization.
• Alkaline substances: Such as sodium hydroxide, which is used to catalyze the conversion of amide groups into carboxylic acid groups in the hydrolysis process.
• Other additives: May include stabilizers (to prevent the polymerization process from being too fast), solubilizers (to improve solubility), etc.

3. Synthesis method

Copolymerization method: Directly mix acrylamide and acrylic acid/sodium monomers for copolymerization to generate anionic polyacrylamide in one step.

Homopolymerization followed by hydrolysis: first synthesize polyacrylamide homopolymer, and then introduce anionic groups by alkaline hydrolysis.

4. Influence of raw material selection

Raw material purity directly affects the molecular weight and solubility of the product. For example, impurities will reduce the efficiency of the polymerization reaction.

The monomer ratio (such as n(AM)/n(AA)) affects the charge density and application performance of the final product.

5. Related derivative raw materials

If other processes (such as inverse emulsion polymerization or precipitation polymerization) are used, solvents (such as white oil) and emulsifiers may be involved.

If you need specific raw material ratios or process optimization details, please refer to the synthesis case literature.